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21.
Stephen S. Hanson 《体育哲学杂志》2018,45(3):215-227
Team physicians have a complicated job that involves potentially conflicting obligations to multiple entities. Though responsible for the medical care of the athletes as individuals, they also have obligations to the team that employs them which can include returning athletes to play who are at heightened risk of re-injury. The fact that the athletes and owners have some overlapping interests (e.g. players playing well and winning games) only complicates this issue. Further, there are strong financial incentives to do what is necessary to obtain and keep a position as a team physician. This article examines dual loyalty and conflict of interest in sports medicine, and argues that there is not now a widely accepted or adequate solution to either. Moving toward a solution will require fairly serious changes in the role of the team physician.
Abbreviations: FIMS International Federation of Sports Medicine; NFL National Football League; MVP Most Valuable Player; RGIII Robert Griffin, III 相似文献
22.
孔伟 《济宁师范专科学校学报》2014,(6):71-75
体育运动伤害侵权案件有时候不应当成为民事法律规范调整的"法外空间",体育运动伤害侵权案件应当适用过错责任原则.民事法律规范在体育运动伤害领域的适用,会影响体育运动的自治性,为防止民事法律规范对体育领域的过度介入,受害人同意与自甘冒险两种免责事由在体育自治与私法介入之间起到了调和作用.两种免责事由的适用上有先后顺序,两者有各自的适用范围,适用的法律效果也不完全相同. 相似文献
23.
何霞 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2010,(4):31-35
知情同意是人体试验的关键问题,对于受试者利益的保护具有重要意义。在规范人体试验时,我国法律对知情同意有相关规定,但存在一定的缺失和不足。在研究者告知义务方面,对于研究者的说明事项规范有待改进。在受试者同意方面,将行为能力制度运用于受试者的同意能力不适当,有建立＂医事上同意能力制度＂的必要,且受试者的同意能力应当依据个案判断。知情同意实践中,弱势群体之一孕妇参与人体试验在我国存在立法缺失,应予以补充和完善。 相似文献
24.
卢岳华 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2004,33(1):61-64
国务院《医疗事故处理条例》的发布实施,给广大患赋予了法律层面上的“知情同意”权。这对于维护患合法权益,改善医患关系,防止医生权力滥用,减少医疗纠纷,无疑会起到积极作用。在具体实施中,从生命伦理学角度对具有自主决定能力的人理应原则坚持,但对一些无自主决定能力的患,或心理极度脆弱乃至绝望的患,或不愿接受知情同意而又可能伤及他人、影响社会的群体,就需要区分不同对象、不同场合,运用不同方式,在相关法律法规的框架范围内加以灵活掌握和圆通运用,从而避免对患对他人对社会产生不利后果。 相似文献
25.
知情同意是保护患者和医学实验中人体受试者权利的重要手段.自20世纪中期以来,越来越多的国家开始重视在医学治疗中实行知情同意的制度.如何在医学出版中做到知情同意,最大限度地保护患者或人体受试者的权利,是医学出版界的重要课题. 相似文献
26.
In the USA, universities have recently developed policies and programmes on sexual consent education. But waiting until students enroll in higher education may be too late to begin this work. To examine the extent that K–12 health education standards promote sexual consent education, we conducted a pilot study and found that only two of eighteen states explicitly mentioned sexual consent in their health education standards. Using a small sample (n = 4 states), we then identified four themes as making implicit reference to sexual consent: communication skills, decision making, personal space and interpersonal relationships. Finally, in a robust sample (n = 18 states), we conducted a content analysis of published standards regarding these themes related to sexual consent. Our analysis suggests that sexual consent is likely not discussed in sex education at K–12 schools. We recommend the more explicit inclusion of sexual consent in health education curricula via the identified themes that already exist in most or all standards, emphasising the importance of teaching young people about the nuances of sexual consent and its communication before they become sexually active. 相似文献
27.
Daniela S. Jadue Roa 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2017,21(3):332-345
ABSTRACTEthical issues involving young children in research are complex and individual to each child, requiring the researcher to be reflexive and aware of the nature of the child’s participation. This paper draws on the experiences of 16 5- to 7-year-old children, transitioning from kindergarten to first grade in Chile as reported by them through visual participatory research. Integral to the ethical principles were the use of a visual participatory design, a listening framework and the child’s rights perspective. In order to be faithful to the research design proposed, different ethical guidelines were revised and followed to ensure protection, anonymity, the right to withdraw and privacy to the children deciding to get involved in the research process. Essential to this work was recognising the child as the most knowledgeable agent in her/his own experiences in order to minimise issues of power and increase children’s awareness during the data collection process. Findings from the study demonstrate different situations in which the researcher’s self-reflexivity can enhance positive outcomes related to ethical issues and young children’s ability to understand the research process, communicate meanings and jointly create new meanings through the tools provided and activities proposed. Ethical challenges and implications for future research with children are discussed. 相似文献
28.
ABSTRACTIn response to evidence that one in five college women are sexually assaulted, institutions of higher education have started adopting affirmative consent policies. Affirmative consent must be voluntarily and explicitly communicated—verbally or nonverbally. A recently published article highlighted barriers to the success of affirmative consent initiatives at the intrapersonal level. To extend this discussion, we identified barriers at each level of the Social Ecological Model. In our commentary, we discuss social determinants that are particularly relevant for campus sexual assault. There are elements in young people's micro-, meso-, exo-, and macrosystems that hinder their adoption of affirmative consent practices. We focus on gender as an aspect of the macrosystem that is a formidable barrier to the success of affirmative consent initiatives, influencing each of the other levels. Finally, we discuss how sexuality education might begin to address the social determinants of sexual assault. 相似文献
29.
Susan Hodges 《The Journal of perinatal education》2009,18(4):8-11
Are laboring and birthing women treated abusively in the hospital? Although seldom recognized as abuse or violence against women, bullying and medical treatments under false pretenses, even in a hospital, constitute abuse and a basic human rights issue that needs attention. Naming the problem is a first step. The power of medical authority, the lack of accountability in the hospital hierarchical system, policies and protocols, and expectations of compliancy all make an environment ripe for abuse and present obstacles for both women and staff to recognize or stop abuse. Learning to recognize abuse and take effective action, and understanding the legal requirements for “informed consent” can help, but ending abuse will require systemic change. 相似文献
30.
David Gareth Jones 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(4):504-511
The increasing availability of physician-assisted death (PAD) has opened up a novel means of making donated bodies available for anatomical dissection. This practice has come to the fore in Canada, but is unlikely to be confined to that country as legislation changes in other countries. The ethical considerations raised by this development are placed within the framework of the ethical guidelines on body donation promulgated by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists. The discussion centers on understanding the ethical dimensions of moral complicity, and whether it is accepted or rejected. If rejected it is possible to separate ethical concerns regarding PAD from subsequent use of donated bodies, as long as there is fully informed consent and complete ethical and procedural separation of the two. Openness about the origin of bodies for dissection is essential. Students should be instructed on the nuances of moral complicity, and consideration be given to those with moral doubts about PAD. Two issues are raised in considering whether these moves represent an ethical slippery slope: the attraction represented by obtaining relatively “high quality” bodies, and the manner in which organ donation following PAD has led to challenges to the dead donor rule. Although body donation raises fewer concerns, the ethical dimensions of the two are similar. The ethical constraints outlined here have the capacity to prevent an ethical slippery slope and constitute a sound basis for addressing an innovative opportunity for anatomists. 相似文献